Daily Quiz

Solution (b)
Explanation:
• The World Economic Forum is known for organizing the Davos Forum, which brings together global leaders from business, politics, and academia to discuss major global issues. The WEF focuses on economic, social, and technological challenges.
• The United Nations is behind the initiative for the Summit of the Future, which is set to take place in 2024. The summit aims to advance multilateralism and address long-term global challenges like climate change, peace, security, and digital governance. The Summit is part of the UN’s broader agenda to reinforce international cooperation in addressing complex global issues. (Option (b) is correct)
• The OECD focuses on promoting policies that improve the economic and social well-being of people around the world. The OECD publishes the OECD Economic Outlook, which analyzes global economic trends and policies.
• The WTO Ministerial Conference, which sets the WTO’s work program and priorities.

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/rights-of-future-generations-must-guide-climate-debate/article68648973.ece

Solution (a)

Explanation:

• The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) is the national regulatory body for pharmaceuticals and medical devices in India, functioning under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. CDSCO regulates drug approval, licensing, and ensuring the safety, efficacy, and quality of drugs, medical devices, and cosmetics. (Option (a) is correct)
• The Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers oversees the Department of Pharmaceuticals, which is responsible for the development and regulation of the pharmaceutical industry. (Option (b) is incorrect)
• The Ministry of Science and Technology focuses on scientific research and technological advancements. It includes agencies like Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) but does not have jurisdiction over drug regulation. (Option (c) is incorrect)
• The Ministry of Commerce and Industry is responsible for trade, commerce, and promoting industries. While it works to boost the pharmaceutical industry through export policies, it does not regulate drugs and medical devices. (Option (d) is incorrect)

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/clarity-of-vision-the-hindu-editorial-on-eye-drops-for-presbyopia-and-claims/article68648543.ece

Solution (c)

Explanation:

• The Cheetah Action Plan (CAP) represents India’s ambitious effort to introduce African cheetahs into its ecosystems, with a focus on both conserving the species and restoring the health of savanna habitats.
• The CAP also says cheetahs will be a flagship species for the degraded dry-open forest/savanna ecosystems in India and increase the value of restoring and conserving them, as well as improve the fortunes of local communities through eco-tourism.
• It has been estimated that the released population should reach the carrying capacity of Kuno National Park in about 15 years and that of the wider Kuno landscape in 30-40 years.
• According to the CAP, the introduction programme requires long-term (at least 25 years) financial, technical, and administrative commitments from the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC), the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA), the Madhya Pradesh Forest Department, and the Wildlife Institute of India. (Option (c) is correct)

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/2-years-of-project-cheetah-hasnt-been-an-easy-road-says-bhupender-yadav/article68651106.ece#:~:text=As%20part%20of%20the%20first,South%20Africa%20in%20February%202023.

Solution (b)

Explanation:

• The Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar (SSB) Awards are awarded annually for outstanding contributions to science and technology. The award is named after the founder of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Dr. Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar, and is one of India’s highest honors in science. (Statement 1 is correct)
• The Governing Body of CSIR, based on the recommendations of various committees and experts, decides the recipients of the awards. The decision involves multiple stages of evaluation by committees of distinguished scientists in respective fields. (Statement 2 is correct)
• Any citizen of India engaged in research in any field of science and technology up to the age of 45 years as reckoned on 31st December of the year preceding the year of the Prize. Overseas citizen of India (OCI) and Persons of Indian Origin (PIO) working in India are also eligible. (Statement 3 is incorrect)

Source: https://ssbprize.gov.in/Content/prizes.aspx & https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/scientists-pen-letter-to-principal-scientific-adviser-demanding-transparency-on-vigyan-puraskar/article68648998.ece

Solution (a)

Explanation:

• The energy consumption of a Large Language Model (LLM) is closely tied to the number of parameters it has. LLMs with more parameters typically require more computation and energy for both training and inference. The size of these models can be in the billions or even trillions of parameters, leading to significant energy demands during training and operation. (Statement 1 is correct)
• LLMs are known for high energy consumption due to the extensive computational resources required for training large-scale models. In fact, LLMs consume more energy than many traditional non-AI technologies. This has raised concerns about their environmental impact. Non-AI systems generally consume much less energy for comparable tasks. (Statement 2 is incorrect)
• LLMs do sometimes generate semantically nonsensical outputs due to hallucinations. Hallucination refers to instances where the model generates text that is grammatically correct but factually incorrect or nonsensical. This is a known limitation of current LLMs, especially when they produce output based on incomplete or ambiguous inputs. (Statement 3 is incorrect)

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/how-quantum-computing-can-make-large-language-models-even-better/article68647764.ece#:~:text=In%20sum%2C%20quantum%20computing%20holds,efficient%2C%20and%20performant%20AI%20systems.