Daily Quiz

Solution (a)
Explanation:
• Methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) is extensively used in the manufacturing of foam insulation, which is used in buildings, refrigerators, and other applications requiring thermal insulation. MDI is used to create rigid foam insulation panels for buildings to improve energy efficiency. (Option (a) is correct)
• Pharmaceuticals are made using various chemical compounds and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Paracetamol is produced using p-aminophenol and acetic anhydride. (Option (b) is incorrect)
• Fertilizers are typically produced using chemicals like ammonia, urea, and phosphates. Ammonium nitrate is synthesized using ammonia and nitric acid. (Option (c) is incorrect)
• Petroleum refining involves processes such as distillation, cracking, and reforming, which use different catalysts and chemicals. Catalytic cracking in petroleum refining uses zeolites as catalysts. (Option (d) is incorrect)

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/business/budget/centre-reduces-customs-duty-on-inputs-for-textile-and-leather-industries/article68437599.ece#:~:text=Budget-,Budget%202024%3A%20Centre%20reduces%20customs%20duty%20on,for%20textile%20and%20leather%20industries&text=There%20will%20be%20no%20duty,down%20from%20the%20current%2010%25.

Solution (c)

Explanation:

• Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana is a savings scheme for the welfare of the girl child, focusing on her future education and marriage expenses. It offers tax benefits under Section 80C of the Income Tax Act. (Option (a) is incorrect)
• Balika Suraksha Yojana typically refers to schemes aimed at the protection and education of the girl child, not a pension scheme. Provides scholarships and support for the girl child’s education. (Option (b) is incorrect)
• The Vatsalya scheme is a new contributory pension scheme where parents and guardians make contributions. Upon the child reaching adulthood, the plan converts seamlessly into a regular NPS account. Aimed at ensuring the future financial security of children as they transition into adulthood. (Option (c) is correct)
• Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana is a life insurance scheme offering coverage for death due to any reason. Provides a renewable one-year term life cover of Rs. 2 lakhs for savings bank account holders aged 18 to 50 years. (Option (d) is incorrect)

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/business/budget/finance-minister-nirmala-sitharaman-announces-more-than-3-lakh-crore-for-schemes-benefiting-women/article68437266.ece

Solution (d)

Explanation:

• Neurotransmitters like norepinephrine and acetylcholine are typically involved in promoting alertness and wakefulness. (Option (a) is incorrect)
• While some neurotransmitters are involved in cognitive functions and memory, GABA primarily functions as an inhibitory neurotransmitter and is not directly associated with enhancing these functions. Neurotransmitters like glutamate and acetylcholine are involved in cognitive enhancement and memory. (Option (b) is incorrect)
• GABA does not stimulate the release of dopamine. Instead, it inhibits neuronal activity, which can indirectly influence dopamine pathways. Neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin are involved in mood regulation and reward pathways. (Option (c) is incorrect)
• GABA is an endogenous neurotransmitter that inhibits major pathways in the brain, leading to sedation or sleep. Sedatives enhance the action of GABA, thereby promoting these effects. Benzodiazepines and barbiturates are sedatives that potentiate the action of GABA. (Option (d) is correct)

Source: https://epaper.thehindu.com/ccidist-ws/th/th_delhi/issues/92169/OPS/GOID3K0MG.1+GFPD3K2H8.1.html

Solution (a)

Explanation:

• Nyoma Airfield is located in Ladakh, not Arunachal Pradesh. Nyoma Airfield is being developed as a forward airbase in Ladakh to enhance the Indian Air Force’s capabilities in the region. (Pair 1 is incorrect)
• Shingo La is a mountain pass in India, on the state boundary between Ladakh and Himachal Pradesh. The Shinku La tunnel is a 4.1 km strategically important tunnel to improve connectivity. (Pair 2 is correct)
• The Nechiphu tunnel is part of the strategic road development project in Arunachal Pradesh to improve connectivity. (Pair 3 is incorrect)
• The Azad Hind Fauz Setu, also known as the Humphrey Strait Creek Bridge, is located in the Andaman & Nicobar Islands. The 1.45-km-long Azad Hind Fauz Setu is a crucial part of the Andaman Trunk Road (NH 223). (Pair 4 is incorrect)

Source: https://epaper.thehindu.com/ccidist-ws/th/th_delhi/issues/92169/OPS/GOID3K0LU.1+GFKD3MV7V.1.html

Solution (d)

Explanation:

• The Pradhanmantri Drone Didi Scheme is part of the Sashakt Nari Viksit Bharat program, which aims to strengthen women’s roles in the development of India. (Statement 1 is correct)
• The scheme specifically focuses on empowering women members of Self-Help Groups (SHGs) in rural India by providing them with training and opportunities to use drone technology. (Statement 2 is correct)
• Under the scheme, drone rental services are made available to farmers for the efficient spraying of pesticides and fertilizers, which enhances agricultural productivity and reduces manual labor. (Statement 3 is correct)

Source: https://indianexpress.com/article/india/rs-500-crore-for-namo-drone-didi-scheme-rs-365-crore-for-natural-farming-mission-9471931/