Daily Quiz 12 December 2024
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
With respect to haemophilia, which of the following statements is correct?
Correct
Solution (a)
Explanation:
• Haemophilia is a rare genetic disorder where the blood lacks sufficient clotting factors, leading to prolonged bleeding. It is caused by mutations in the genes responsible for producing clotting factors VIII or IX.
• Types of Haemophilia:
o Haemophilia A: Deficiency of clotting factor VIII.
o Haemophilia B: Deficiency of clotting factor IX.
• Mode of Inheritance: It is an X-linked recessive disorder, meaning it primarily affects males, as they have only one X chromosome. (Option (a) is correct)
• Haemophilia is unrelated to red blood cells (RBCs). A deficiency of RBCs causes anemia, not haemophilia. Haemophilia is specifically linked to a deficiency in clotting factors that help stop bleeding.
• Haemophilia primarily affects males, as it is an X-linked disorder. Women, with two X chromosomes, are usually carriers of the defective gene but rarely exhibit symptoms. Mitochondrial DNA mutations are unrelated to haemophilia and are typically associated with disorders like Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy.
• Haemophilia is not communicable and is a genetic disorder, not caused by any viral infection. Diseases like HIV/AIDS or hepatitis can be transmitted via blood but are unrelated to haemophilia.Incorrect
Solution (a)
Explanation:
• Haemophilia is a rare genetic disorder where the blood lacks sufficient clotting factors, leading to prolonged bleeding. It is caused by mutations in the genes responsible for producing clotting factors VIII or IX.
• Types of Haemophilia:
o Haemophilia A: Deficiency of clotting factor VIII.
o Haemophilia B: Deficiency of clotting factor IX.
• Mode of Inheritance: It is an X-linked recessive disorder, meaning it primarily affects males, as they have only one X chromosome. (Option (a) is correct)
• Haemophilia is unrelated to red blood cells (RBCs). A deficiency of RBCs causes anemia, not haemophilia. Haemophilia is specifically linked to a deficiency in clotting factors that help stop bleeding.
• Haemophilia primarily affects males, as it is an X-linked disorder. Women, with two X chromosomes, are usually carriers of the defective gene but rarely exhibit symptoms. Mitochondrial DNA mutations are unrelated to haemophilia and are typically associated with disorders like Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy.
• Haemophilia is not communicable and is a genetic disorder, not caused by any viral infection. Diseases like HIV/AIDS or hepatitis can be transmitted via blood but are unrelated to haemophilia. -
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Noted freedom fighter Subramania Bharati is generally directly associated with which of the following movements during the freedom struggle?
Correct
Solution (d)
Explanation:
- The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922), led by Mahatma Gandhi, came after Bharati’s death in 1921. (Option (a) is incorrect)
- The Quit India Movement (1942) occurred much later, and Subramania Bharati passed away in 1921. This movement called for British withdrawal from India, but Bharati was not associated with it. (Option (b) is incorrect)
- The Home Rule Movement (1916-1918), led by Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak, had little direct involvement from Bharati. While Bharati’s writings inspired broader nationalistic sentiments, his primary contributions were during the Swadeshi Movement. (Option (c) is incorrect)
- Subramania Bharati (also known as Bharathiyar) was a Tamil poet, journalist, and freedom fighter, deeply associated with the Swadeshi Movement. He used his poetry and writings to promote self-reliance, national unity, and the rejection of foreign goods.
- Bharati’s literary works inspired many to join the Swadeshi cause, making him a significant figure in India’s struggle for independence. His poems like “Vande Mataram” and “Achamillai” emphasized fearlessness and patriotism. (Option (d) is correct)
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Explanation:
- The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922), led by Mahatma Gandhi, came after Bharati’s death in 1921. (Option (a) is incorrect)
- The Quit India Movement (1942) occurred much later, and Subramania Bharati passed away in 1921. This movement called for British withdrawal from India, but Bharati was not associated with it. (Option (b) is incorrect)
- The Home Rule Movement (1916-1918), led by Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak, had little direct involvement from Bharati. While Bharati’s writings inspired broader nationalistic sentiments, his primary contributions were during the Swadeshi Movement. (Option (c) is incorrect)
- Subramania Bharati (also known as Bharathiyar) was a Tamil poet, journalist, and freedom fighter, deeply associated with the Swadeshi Movement. He used his poetry and writings to promote self-reliance, national unity, and the rejection of foreign goods.
- Bharati’s literary works inspired many to join the Swadeshi cause, making him a significant figure in India’s struggle for independence. His poems like “Vande Mataram” and “Achamillai” emphasized fearlessness and patriotism. (Option (d) is correct)
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Question 3 of 5
3. Question
Sometimes seen in news, the Social Dialogue Report is released by:
Correct
Solution (b)
Explanation:
- The UNDP primarily focuses on sustainable development, poverty eradication, and building resilience in developing nations. Notable reports include the Human Development Report and the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), which track human development indicators globally.
- The Social Dialogue Report is released by the International Labour Organisation (ILO), a specialized agency of the United Nations. Social Dialogue refers to negotiations, consultations, or information exchanges between governments, employers, and workers on issues related to employment, labor policies, and economic reforms. The report highlights the role of social dialogue in ensuring inclusive economic growth, decent work, and social justice. (Option (b) is correct)
- The OECD focuses on economic and policy research among developed countries. It publishes reports like the Employment Outlook and Better Life Index, which provide insights into labor markets and economic growth.
- The WEF is known for its Global Risks Report, Global Competitiveness Report, and Future of Jobs Report, which analyze economic trends, technological disruptions, and labor market transformations.
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Explanation:
- The UNDP primarily focuses on sustainable development, poverty eradication, and building resilience in developing nations. Notable reports include the Human Development Report and the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), which track human development indicators globally.
- The Social Dialogue Report is released by the International Labour Organisation (ILO), a specialized agency of the United Nations. Social Dialogue refers to negotiations, consultations, or information exchanges between governments, employers, and workers on issues related to employment, labor policies, and economic reforms. The report highlights the role of social dialogue in ensuring inclusive economic growth, decent work, and social justice. (Option (b) is correct)
- The OECD focuses on economic and policy research among developed countries. It publishes reports like the Employment Outlook and Better Life Index, which provide insights into labor markets and economic growth.
- The WEF is known for its Global Risks Report, Global Competitiveness Report, and Future of Jobs Report, which analyze economic trends, technological disruptions, and labor market transformations.
-
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Consider the following with respect to the World Malaria Report:
- It is released by the World Health Organisation.
- India accounts for 85% of the all-estimated cases globally in 2023.
- India saw reduction in its malaria caseload.
How many of the statements above are correct?
Correct
Solution (b)
Explanation:
- The World Malaria Report is released annually by the World Health Organisation (WHO). It provides an analysis of trends in malaria cases, deaths, and interventions worldwide, highlighting efforts in controlling and eliminating malaria. (Statement 1 is correct)
- According to the World Malaria Report 2024, India accounted for half of all estimated malaria cases in the WHO South-East Asia Region, not globally. The global malaria burden remains primarily concentrated in the WHO African Region, which continues to face the highest number of cases and deaths. (Statement 2 is incorrect)
- The report highlights that India saw a 9.6% reduction in its malaria caseload between 2022 and 2023. Additionally, since 2000, India has achieved a 93% decrease in case incidence and a 17.7 million reduction in estimated cases. (Statement 3 is correct)
Source: https://epaper.thehindu.com/ccidist-ws/th/th_delhi/issues/111276/OPS/GH0DN3TTU.1+GFBDN5LSA.1.html
Incorrect
Solution (b)
Explanation:
- The World Malaria Report is released annually by the World Health Organisation (WHO). It provides an analysis of trends in malaria cases, deaths, and interventions worldwide, highlighting efforts in controlling and eliminating malaria. (Statement 1 is correct)
- According to the World Malaria Report 2024, India accounted for half of all estimated malaria cases in the WHO South-East Asia Region, not globally. The global malaria burden remains primarily concentrated in the WHO African Region, which continues to face the highest number of cases and deaths. (Statement 2 is incorrect)
- The report highlights that India saw a 9.6% reduction in its malaria caseload between 2022 and 2023. Additionally, since 2000, India has achieved a 93% decrease in case incidence and a 17.7 million reduction in estimated cases. (Statement 3 is correct)
Source: https://epaper.thehindu.com/ccidist-ws/th/th_delhi/issues/111276/OPS/GH0DN3TTU.1+GFBDN5LSA.1.html
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Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Consider the following statements with reference to the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST):
- It is a successor to the Hubble Space telescope.
- It is located in the low earth orbit.
- It has validated the phenomenon of Hubble Tension.
Which of the statements above is/are correct?
Correct
Solution (c)
Explanation:
- The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is considered the successor to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). While Hubble primarily observes the universe in the visible and ultraviolet spectrum, JWST is optimized for infrared observations, allowing it to observe older, more distant galaxies and celestial phenomena. JWST’s advanced capabilities enable it to study early universe formation, exoplanets, and stellar evolution. (Statement 1 is correct)
- Unlike the Hubble Space Telescope, which is in low Earth orbit (about 540 km above Earth), JWST is positioned at the Lagrange Point 2 (L2), approximately 1.5 million kilometers from Earth. This location provides a stable environment with minimal interference from Earth’s heat and light, enabling clearer infrared observations. (Statement 2 is incorrect)
- JWST has validated Hubble Space Telescope’s findings about the Hubble Tension, a discrepancy between the measured and predicted rate of the universe’s expansion. JWST’s data confirmed that the universe’s current rate of expansion, called the Hubble Constant, is about 8% faster than expected based on theoretical models of the universe’s initial conditions. This phenomenon continues to puzzle astrophysicists and points to gaps in our understanding of cosmic evolution. (Statement 3 is correct)
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Explanation:
- The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is considered the successor to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). While Hubble primarily observes the universe in the visible and ultraviolet spectrum, JWST is optimized for infrared observations, allowing it to observe older, more distant galaxies and celestial phenomena. JWST’s advanced capabilities enable it to study early universe formation, exoplanets, and stellar evolution. (Statement 1 is correct)
- Unlike the Hubble Space Telescope, which is in low Earth orbit (about 540 km above Earth), JWST is positioned at the Lagrange Point 2 (L2), approximately 1.5 million kilometers from Earth. This location provides a stable environment with minimal interference from Earth’s heat and light, enabling clearer infrared observations. (Statement 2 is incorrect)
- JWST has validated Hubble Space Telescope’s findings about the Hubble Tension, a discrepancy between the measured and predicted rate of the universe’s expansion. JWST’s data confirmed that the universe’s current rate of expansion, called the Hubble Constant, is about 8% faster than expected based on theoretical models of the universe’s initial conditions. This phenomenon continues to puzzle astrophysicists and points to gaps in our understanding of cosmic evolution. (Statement 3 is correct)
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