Daily Quiz

Solution (d)
Explanation:
• Odisha has a rich tradition of dance and folk-art forms, such as Chhau dance, which includes elements of martial movements, but it is not the origin of Kalaripayattu.
• Andhra Pradesh has its own cultural and martial traditions, including folk martial dances like Veeranatyam, but it is not associated with the origin of Kalaripayattu.
• Maharashtra is known for its rich cultural heritage, including forms like Mardani Khel, a traditional martial art focusing on the use of weapons. However, it is not related to Kalaripayattu.
• Kalaripayattu is one of the oldest martial art forms in the world, originating in Kerala. It is believed to date back over 3,000 years and is closely linked to the state’s cultural and spiritual heritage. Practiced in kalari (training spaces), it involves a combination of physical training, combat techniques, weaponry, and yoga-like movements. Its philosophy draws inspiration from ancient Indian texts and traditions. (Option (d) is correct)

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Delhi/connecting-cultures/article68861321.ece

Solution (a)

Explanation:

• A tokamak is a device designed to achieve nuclear fusion, the process of fusing atomic nuclei to release energy. It uses a magnetic confinement system to contain the extremely hot plasma (up to millions of degrees Celsius) necessary for fusion reactions. The tokamak creates a toroidal (doughnut-shaped) magnetic field to stabilize and control the plasma. It is a critical component in experimental fusion projects like ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor), which aims to demonstrate the feasibility of nuclear fusion as a clean, virtually limitless energy source. (Option (a) is correct)
• Wind energy harnesses the kinetic energy of wind using wind turbines to generate electricity. Key components in wind energy include wind turbines, rotor blades, and generators. (Option (b) is incorrect)
• Thermal energy refers to heat energy, often used in thermal power plants to generate electricity by burning fossil fuels or using nuclear fission. It involves systems like boilers, turbines, and heat exchangers, but the term tokamak does not apply here. (Option (c) is incorrect)

• Hydropower energy uses the potential energy of water stored in reservoirs or flowing in rivers to generate electricity. Key components include dams, turbines, and generators. (Option (d) is incorrect)

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/daily-quiz-on-nuclear-fusion-reaction/article68870828.ece

Solution (c)

Explanation:

• Arunachal Pradesh has witnessed insurgent activities mainly due to spillover effects from neighboring states and cross-border issues with Myanmar. Groups like the National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN) and United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA) have had a presence in the state but are not native to it.
• Nagaland has a long history of insurgent movements primarily led by the NSCN factions:
  • NSCN-IM: Advocates for “Greater Nagalim,” a sovereign Naga homeland.
  • NSCN-K: Known for militant activities and advocating Naga sovereignty.
• The Hynniewtrep National Liberation Council (HNLC) is a militant group based in Meghalaya, specifically representing the interests of the Khasi and Jaintia tribes of the state. The group seeks to establish a separate state for the Khasi-Jaintia people, opposing what it perceives as the domination of outsiders and non-tribals. The HNLC has been involved in extortion, kidnappings, and other activities and has been banned under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA). (Option (c) is correct)

• Mizoram experienced insurgency primarily led by the Mizo National Front (MNF) during the 1960s and 70s, advocating for a separate Mizo state. The insurgency ended with the signing of the Mizo Peace Accord in 1986, making it one of the most peaceful states in the region today.

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/government-bans-meghalaya-based-insurgent-group-hnlc/article68867854.ece

Solution (c)

Explanation:

• During colonial India, tribal communities faced significant exploitation due to British land policies, revenue systems, and the intrusion of outsiders. This led to widespread tribal uprisings against colonial rule, marked by resistance to socio-economic changes imposed on their traditional way of life.
• The Santhal rebellion (1855-1856) was led by Sidhu and Kanhu Murmu in the Santhal Parganas (present-day Jharkhand). It was a revolt against the British colonial administration and the zamindari system, which oppressed the Santhal tribal community through high taxes and exploitative practices. The rebellion was brutally suppressed by the British but is remembered as a significant act of tribal resistance. (Statement 1 is correct)
• The Munda Rebellion or Ulgulan (The Great Tumult) took place between 1899 and 1900, led by Birsa Munda, a tribal leader from the Chotanagpur plateau. The rebellion was a protest against the British land tenancy system, which displaced the Munda tribes from their ancestral lands. Birsa Munda’s movement aimed to establish Munda Raj and restore tribal autonomy. (Statement 2 is correct)
• The Bhil revolt occurred in Western India, particularly in areas like Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Madhya Pradesh. The Bhils resisted the British due to their encroachment on forests, which were essential for their livelihoods. British policies restricted their access to forest resources and imposed harsh taxes, leading to periodic revolts in the 19th century. (Statement 3 is correct)

• The Kol rebellion (1831-1832) was an uprising by the Kol tribes of the Chotanagpur region (now in Jharkhand) against the oppression of moneylenders, zamindars, and British officials. The introduction of the Permanent Settlement and the influx of outsiders disrupted the traditional landholding system, leading to widespread discontent among the Kol people. (Statement 4 is incorrect)

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/sky-is-the-limit-for-development-of-tribals-president/article68869654.ece

Solution (c)

Explanation:

• Bone Mineral Density (BMD) is a measure of the amount of minerals (like calcium) in a specific volume of bone. It is used to assess bone strength and diagnose conditions like osteoporosis, a condition characterized by weakened bones and an increased risk of fractures. BMD testing is typically performed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA or DXA). (Statement 1 is correct)
• A BMD test can be conducted on various skeletal sites, including the spine, hip, forearm, and wrist. The hip and spine are the most commonly tested areas as they are most susceptible to osteoporotic fractures. While the wrist and hand can be tested, these are not the exclusive sites for BMD testing. (Statement 2 is incorrect)

• Mechanical stress from activities like weightlifting, resistance training, and impact exercises can stimulate bone remodeling and increase BMD. This occurs because bones respond to stress by becoming denser and stronger, following the principle of Wolff’s Law, which states that bone grows and remodels in response to the forces placed on it. Regular exercise is a preventive measure against osteoporosis. (Statement 3 is correct)

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/health/weights-for-life-the-science-behind-health-benefits-of-heavy-lifting/article68855549.ece