| IP Links: Internet Protocols (IP) are rules governing data exchange over the internet. Both sender and receiver must follow these protocols to communicate effectively. Data is broken into smaller packets for transmission, with protocols ensuring proper organization and delivery. Protocols manage data flow, prevent transmission errors, and control access to communication links, ensuring smooth data exchange between devices with different speeds. | 
- The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) is urging telecom operators to improve call quality by establishing Internet Protocol (IP) links between networks, which would enhance the majority of smartphone calls, especially for calls between different mobile operators.
- With the rise of 4G and 5G networks, technologies like Voice over LTE (VoLTE) have improved call quality for subscribers on the same network, often marked as “HD” on phones.
- However, calls between users on different networks suffer from poor quality despite advanced telecom infrastructure and smartphone hardware.
- Although 79% of India’s networks are on 4G or 5G IP, operators are still using outdated interconnections, leading to subpar call quality between different networks.
- TRAI’s initiative aims to address this issue and improve the overall calling experience for users.
| Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) It is a statutory body established in 1997 to regulate telecommunications in India. Its primary role is to ensure fair competition, promote transparency, and protect consumer interests in the telecom sector. TRAI regulates telecom services, including tariffs, quality of service, and interconnection between service providers. It also plays a crucial role in the digital communications ecosystem, overseeing internet services, and broadcasting, and ensuring the growth and development of telecom infrastructure in India. | 
Dig Deeper: Read about Voice over LTE technology.
 
				