Daily Quiz 13 December 2024
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Question 1 of 5
1. Question
Identify the eastern most tiger reserve from the following options:
Correct
Solution (a)
Explanation:
• Similipal Tiger Reserve is located in the Mayurbhanj district of Odisha, making it the easternmost tiger reserve among the given options. It is part of the Eastern Ghats and the largest tiger reserve in Odisha. Recognized as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, Similipal is home to diverse flora and fauna, including the Bengal tiger and rare orchids. (Option (a) is correct)
• Palamau Tiger Reserve is in the Latehar district of Jharkhand. It is one of India’s oldest tiger reserves and part of the Chota Nagpur Plateau. While Palamau lies east of central India, it is geographically west of Similipal.
• Satkosia Tiger Reserve is located in Angul district, Odisha. Though in Odisha like Similipal, Satkosia is positioned further west within the state, along the Mahanadi River. It is known for its gorge ecosystems and significant crocodile populations.
• Panna Tiger Reserve is located in Madhya Pradesh, near Khajuraho. It is in central India, far to the west of the other reserves listed. Known for successful tiger reintroduction, Panna is not geographically close to eastern India.Incorrect
Solution (a)
Explanation:
• Similipal Tiger Reserve is located in the Mayurbhanj district of Odisha, making it the easternmost tiger reserve among the given options. It is part of the Eastern Ghats and the largest tiger reserve in Odisha. Recognized as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, Similipal is home to diverse flora and fauna, including the Bengal tiger and rare orchids. (Option (a) is correct)
• Palamau Tiger Reserve is in the Latehar district of Jharkhand. It is one of India’s oldest tiger reserves and part of the Chota Nagpur Plateau. While Palamau lies east of central India, it is geographically west of Similipal.
• Satkosia Tiger Reserve is located in Angul district, Odisha. Though in Odisha like Similipal, Satkosia is positioned further west within the state, along the Mahanadi River. It is known for its gorge ecosystems and significant crocodile populations.
• Panna Tiger Reserve is located in Madhya Pradesh, near Khajuraho. It is in central India, far to the west of the other reserves listed. Known for successful tiger reintroduction, Panna is not geographically close to eastern India. -
Question 2 of 5
2. Question
Which one of the following methods is not associated with methods to tackle air pollution?
Correct
Solution (c)
Explanation:
- Scrubbers are devices installed in industrial chimneys to remove harmful gases and particulate matter from emissions. They help reduce pollutants like sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and other acidic gases. Sulfur scrubbers are commonly used in thermal power plants to mitigate SO₂ emissions. (Option (a) is incorrect)
- Trees act as natural air purifiers by absorbing carbon dioxide (CO₂) and filtering particulate matter and pollutants. Afforestation in urban areas, such as Miyawaki forests or green belts, can improve air quality, reduce urban heat islands, and promote biodiversity. The Delhi government has undertaken afforestation drives to combat rising pollution levels. (Option (b) is incorrect)
- Crop residue burning is a major contributor to air pollution, especially in northern India during the winter season. It releases harmful pollutants such as PM2.5, PM10, carbon monoxide (CO), and greenhouse gases like methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O). Although burning residue adds short-term nutrients to the soil, it destroys organic matter and severely degrades air quality. Promote stubble management techniques like Happy Seeder, bio-decomposers, and crop residue recycling. (Option (c) is correct)
- Electric vehicles (EVs) produce zero tailpipe emissions, reducing pollutants like nitrogen oxides (NOx) and PM2.5 associated with conventional vehicles. Promoting EV adoption through subsidies, infrastructure development, and awareness campaigns is crucial for reducing vehicular pollution. India’s Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles (FAME) scheme supports EV adoption. (Option (d) is incorrect)
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Explanation:
- Scrubbers are devices installed in industrial chimneys to remove harmful gases and particulate matter from emissions. They help reduce pollutants like sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and other acidic gases. Sulfur scrubbers are commonly used in thermal power plants to mitigate SO₂ emissions. (Option (a) is incorrect)
- Trees act as natural air purifiers by absorbing carbon dioxide (CO₂) and filtering particulate matter and pollutants. Afforestation in urban areas, such as Miyawaki forests or green belts, can improve air quality, reduce urban heat islands, and promote biodiversity. The Delhi government has undertaken afforestation drives to combat rising pollution levels. (Option (b) is incorrect)
- Crop residue burning is a major contributor to air pollution, especially in northern India during the winter season. It releases harmful pollutants such as PM2.5, PM10, carbon monoxide (CO), and greenhouse gases like methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O). Although burning residue adds short-term nutrients to the soil, it destroys organic matter and severely degrades air quality. Promote stubble management techniques like Happy Seeder, bio-decomposers, and crop residue recycling. (Option (c) is correct)
- Electric vehicles (EVs) produce zero tailpipe emissions, reducing pollutants like nitrogen oxides (NOx) and PM2.5 associated with conventional vehicles. Promoting EV adoption through subsidies, infrastructure development, and awareness campaigns is crucial for reducing vehicular pollution. India’s Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles (FAME) scheme supports EV adoption. (Option (d) is incorrect)
-
Question 3 of 5
3. Question
It was a violent uprising by Indian sepoys against the British East India Company in the southern part of India. Disrespect for Tipu Sultan’s family and new regulations for soldiers were few of the causes of this uprising in the 19th century British India.
Based on the description above, identify the uprising/mutiny/war from options given below:
Correct
Solution (d)
Explanation:
- The first recorded mutiny against the East India Company in India was the Vizagapatam mutiny, which took place on October 3, 1780. This mutiny was led by Shaik Mohammad Khan, a subedar of the Grenadiers Regiment. The mutiny took place in Vizagapatam, which is now known as Visakhapatnam. But the description given in the question is not related to this mutiny.
- Ramoshi uprisings occurred in western India, particularly in Maharashtra, under the leadership of Chittur Singh and others. These uprisings were motivated by dissatisfaction with British land revenue policies and social injustices, rather than military grievances.
- The Battle of Colachel (1741) was a military conflict between the Travancore kingdom and the Dutch East India Company. It marked a significant victory for Maharaja Marthanda Varma over European powers. It occurred much earlier and was unrelated to the sepoy discontent or Tipu Sultan’s family.
- The Vellore Mutiny, which took place on July 10, 1806, in the southern part of India. It is considered one of the earliest expressions of discontent by Indian sepoys against the British East India Company, predating the Revolt of 1857 by over five decades.
- The immediate causes of the mutiny were rooted in the disrespect shown to the family of Tipu Sultan, the ruler of Mysore, whose family had been exiled to Vellore after his defeat and death in 1799. They were treated with contempt by the British, which caused widespread resentment among their loyalists and local sepoys. Another major factor was the introduction of new military regulations that forced Indian sepoys to abandon their traditional attire, including turbans and religious symbols, and adopt a British-style dress code, including hats and shaved facial hair. This was seen as an assault on their cultural and religious practices. (Option (d) is correct)
- The mutiny was well-organized, and the sepoys killed over 100 British officers and soldiers in a surprise attack. However, it was suppressed within a single day by British reinforcements led by Colonel Gillespie. The repercussions were severe; hundreds of sepoys were executed, and the family of Tipu Sultan was shifted to Calcutta. Despite its failure, the Vellore Mutiny revealed the deep discontent among Indian troops and the volatility of British policies that disregarded local traditions and religious sensitivities.
Incorrect
Solution (d)
Explanation:
- The first recorded mutiny against the East India Company in India was the Vizagapatam mutiny, which took place on October 3, 1780. This mutiny was led by Shaik Mohammad Khan, a subedar of the Grenadiers Regiment. The mutiny took place in Vizagapatam, which is now known as Visakhapatnam. But the description given in the question is not related to this mutiny.
- Ramoshi uprisings occurred in western India, particularly in Maharashtra, under the leadership of Chittur Singh and others. These uprisings were motivated by dissatisfaction with British land revenue policies and social injustices, rather than military grievances.
- The Battle of Colachel (1741) was a military conflict between the Travancore kingdom and the Dutch East India Company. It marked a significant victory for Maharaja Marthanda Varma over European powers. It occurred much earlier and was unrelated to the sepoy discontent or Tipu Sultan’s family.
- The Vellore Mutiny, which took place on July 10, 1806, in the southern part of India. It is considered one of the earliest expressions of discontent by Indian sepoys against the British East India Company, predating the Revolt of 1857 by over five decades.
- The immediate causes of the mutiny were rooted in the disrespect shown to the family of Tipu Sultan, the ruler of Mysore, whose family had been exiled to Vellore after his defeat and death in 1799. They were treated with contempt by the British, which caused widespread resentment among their loyalists and local sepoys. Another major factor was the introduction of new military regulations that forced Indian sepoys to abandon their traditional attire, including turbans and religious symbols, and adopt a British-style dress code, including hats and shaved facial hair. This was seen as an assault on their cultural and religious practices. (Option (d) is correct)
- The mutiny was well-organized, and the sepoys killed over 100 British officers and soldiers in a surprise attack. However, it was suppressed within a single day by British reinforcements led by Colonel Gillespie. The repercussions were severe; hundreds of sepoys were executed, and the family of Tipu Sultan was shifted to Calcutta. Despite its failure, the Vellore Mutiny revealed the deep discontent among Indian troops and the volatility of British policies that disregarded local traditions and religious sensitivities.
-
Question 4 of 5
4. Question
Consider the following statements with respect to the Disease X:
- It is a hypothetical disease concept by WHO.
- It relates to an unknown pathogen that could unleash a pandemic.
- COVID-19 is regarded as the first instance of a real Disease X.
How many of the statements above are correct?
Correct
Solution (c)
Explanation:
- The term Disease X was coined by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2018. It represents a hypothetical disease caused by an unknown pathogen that has the potential to cause a devastating epidemic or pandemic. The concept was introduced to emphasize the need for preparedness against unexpected and emerging infectious diseases. (Statement 1 is correct)
- Disease X refers to the risk of new, unidentified pathogens that could spread rapidly, leading to a pandemic with severe global health impacts. It highlights the unpredictability of future outbreaks, which could arise due to zoonotic spillovers, mutations, or novel viruses. (Statement 2 is correct)
- The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, is widely considered the first instance of Disease X. COVID-19 aligns with the concept as it was caused by an unknown pathogen that emerged suddenly and caused widespread disruption and loss of life globally. The pandemic underlined the importance of WHO’s focus on potential unknown pathogens and their threat to global health security. (Statement 3 is correct)
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Explanation:
- The term Disease X was coined by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2018. It represents a hypothetical disease caused by an unknown pathogen that has the potential to cause a devastating epidemic or pandemic. The concept was introduced to emphasize the need for preparedness against unexpected and emerging infectious diseases. (Statement 1 is correct)
- Disease X refers to the risk of new, unidentified pathogens that could spread rapidly, leading to a pandemic with severe global health impacts. It highlights the unpredictability of future outbreaks, which could arise due to zoonotic spillovers, mutations, or novel viruses. (Statement 2 is correct)
- The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, is widely considered the first instance of Disease X. COVID-19 aligns with the concept as it was caused by an unknown pathogen that emerged suddenly and caused widespread disruption and loss of life globally. The pandemic underlined the importance of WHO’s focus on potential unknown pathogens and their threat to global health security. (Statement 3 is correct)
-
Question 5 of 5
5. Question
Consider the following statements with reference to the Paris Agreement:
- It works on a five-year cycle of increasingly ambitious climate action.
- The long-term low greenhouse gas emission development strategies under the agreement are mandatory in nature.
- Enhanced transparency framework (ETF) is closely associated with the Paris agreement.
Which of the statements above is/are correct?
Correct
Solution (c)
Explanation:
- The Paris Agreement establishes a framework in which countries submit their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) every five years. These NDCs are aimed at progressively increasing ambition to limit global warming to below 2°C, with efforts to limit it to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. The global stocktake process, conducted every five years, assesses collective progress toward these goals. (Statement 1 is correct)
- While the Paris Agreement encourages countries to develop and communicate long-term low greenhouse gas emission development strategies, these strategies are not mandatory. They are voluntary and meant to complement the shorter-term NDCs. Countries are expected to align these strategies with their national priorities and capabilities. (Statement 2 is incorrect)
- The Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF) is a key component of the Paris Agreement. It requires countries to report on their greenhouse gas emissions, NDC implementation progress, and adaptation efforts in a standardized and transparent manner. This ensures accountability and builds trust among parties. Developed countries also provide information on financial, technological, and capacity-building support to developing countries. (Statement 3 is correct)
Source: https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-climate/nine-years-after-it-was-finalised-a-critical-look-at-the-paris-agreement-9722168/ & https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement?gad_source=1&gclid=Cj0KCQiA0–6BhCBARIsADYqyL9yQ2Hiz4N7w8cFwS-TDewMY8mzKlhSGDF3tCeUo-G6ripcmbnkbH0aAppiEALw_wcB
Incorrect
Solution (c)
Explanation:
- The Paris Agreement establishes a framework in which countries submit their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) every five years. These NDCs are aimed at progressively increasing ambition to limit global warming to below 2°C, with efforts to limit it to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. The global stocktake process, conducted every five years, assesses collective progress toward these goals. (Statement 1 is correct)
- While the Paris Agreement encourages countries to develop and communicate long-term low greenhouse gas emission development strategies, these strategies are not mandatory. They are voluntary and meant to complement the shorter-term NDCs. Countries are expected to align these strategies with their national priorities and capabilities. (Statement 2 is incorrect)
- The Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF) is a key component of the Paris Agreement. It requires countries to report on their greenhouse gas emissions, NDC implementation progress, and adaptation efforts in a standardized and transparent manner. This ensures accountability and builds trust among parties. Developed countries also provide information on financial, technological, and capacity-building support to developing countries. (Statement 3 is correct)
Source: https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-climate/nine-years-after-it-was-finalised-a-critical-look-at-the-paris-agreement-9722168/ & https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement?gad_source=1&gclid=Cj0KCQiA0–6BhCBARIsADYqyL9yQ2Hiz4N7w8cFwS-TDewMY8mzKlhSGDF3tCeUo-G6ripcmbnkbH0aAppiEALw_wcB
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