Daily Quiz

Solution (a)
Explanation:
• The terms ‘CrowdStrike’, ‘Petya’, and ‘Shamoon’ are all related to cybersecurity and cyberattacks. CrowdStrike is a cybersecurity technology company known for its advanced endpoint protection. ‘Petya’ and ‘Shamoon’ are well-known types of malware used in major cyberattacks. ‘Petya’ is ransomware that encrypts the Master File Table (MFT) of the NTFS file system, while ‘Shamoon’ is a virus used in cyberattacks targeting oil companies, most notably in the Middle East. (Option (a) is correct)
• Financial fraud prevention techniques involve measures like anti-money laundering (AML) protocols, encryption technologies for transactions, and fraud detection systems in banking and finance sectors. (Option (b) is incorrect)
• Space exploration missions involve programs like NASA’s Artemis or ISRO’s Chandrayaan. The terms ‘CrowdStrike’, ‘Petya’, and ‘Shamoon’ are not associated with space exploration. (Option (c) is incorrect)
• Renewable energy technologies include solar panels, wind turbines, and bioenergy systems. The terms mentioned are unrelated to this field. (Option (d) is incorrect)

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/disinformation-ai-and-cyber-chakravyuh/article68517429.ece

Solution (c)

Explanation:

• Air traffic control involves systems like radar, ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast), and TCAS (Traffic Collision Avoidance System) for tracking and guiding aircraft. (Option (a) is incorrect)
• Railway signalling systems include interlocking, block signalling, and Automatic Train Control (ATC) systems. (Option (b) is incorrect)
• Both AIS and LRIT are systems used in maritime navigation and safety. AIS is a tracking system used by ships and vessel traffic services for identifying and locating vessels by electronically exchanging data with other nearby ships, AIS base stations, and satellites. LRIT is a global tracking system mandated by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) that requires ships to report their location, time, and onboard equipment status periodically. (Option (c) is correct)
• Satellite communication networks use ground stations, transponders, and antennas for transmitting data via satellites. AIS and LRIT, while they can use satellite data for tracking, are specifically designed for maritime use rather than general satellite communication. (Option (d) is incorrect)

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/collision-avoidance-systems-explained/article68513033.ece#:~:text=In%20broad%20terms%2C%20a%20collision,avoid%20colliding%20with%20another%20train.

Solution (d)

Explanation:

• The capital of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) is Abu Dhabi. There are no current plans to relocate the capital city of the UAE. Abu Dhabi remains the political and administrative center of the country. (Option (a) is incorrect)
• The capital of Malaysia is Kuala Lumpur, and Putrajaya is the administrative capital where most government offices are located. (Option (b) is incorrect)
• The capital of South Sudan is Juba. South Sudan, being a relatively new country (independence in 2011), has not planned for a new capital city like Nusantara. (Option (c) is incorrect)
• Nusantara is the planned new capital city of Indonesia, intended to replace Jakarta as the nation’s capital. The Indonesian government decided to move the capital due to issues such as overpopulation and environmental challenges in Jakarta. Nusantara will be located on the island of Borneo, in the province of East Kalimantan. (Option (d) is correct)

Source: https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/indonesia-holds-first-cabinet-meeting-planned-new-capital-nusantara-2024-08-12/

Solution (b)

Explanation:

• The National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) was launched by the Ministry of Human Resource Development (now Ministry of Education) on 29th September 2015. This framework provides a methodology to rank institutions across the country based on various parameters. (Statement 1 is correct)
• As of the latest 2024 rankings, NIRF provides rankings in 16 categories, not just 4. Additionally, “sustainability” is not yet a major criterion, though it is being considered for inclusion in the future. (Statement 2 is incorrect)
• IIT Madras has been ranked as the best educational institution in the overall category in India for the sixth consecutive time since 2019. IIT Madras also retained first position in engineering for the ninth year since 2016. Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru is the top institution under both the universities and research categories, retaining both positions since 2016 and 2021 respectively. (Statement 3 is correct)

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/education/colleges/nirf-ranking-2024-list/article68515901.ece

Solution (c)

Explanation:

• The Tungabhadra River does indeed form part of the boundary between Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. The river flows through both states, and in certain stretches, it serves as a natural boundary between them. (Statement 1 is correct)
• The Tungabhadra Dam is actually located in Karnataka, near the town of Hospet. The dam is constructed across the Tungabhadra River and is primarily used for irrigation and power generation. (Statement 2 is incorrect)
• The Tungabhadra Board was indeed established by a Presidential Order in 1953 to manage the operation and maintenance of the Tungabhadra Dam and related irrigation systems. (Statement 3 is correct)

Source: https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/tungabhadra-dam-gate-swept-away-karnataka-flood-alert-d-k-shivakumar-dam-repair-work-9510416/#:~:text=The%20crest%20(or%20spillway)%20gate,Tungabhadra%20Farmers'Association%2C%20said.