Daily Quiz

Solution (b)
Explanation:
• The Sikh Empire, established by Maharaja Ranjit Singh in the early 19th century, is more famous for its military strategies and valor, particularly against the Afghan and British invasions. The use of Khanda, a double-edged sword, is significant in Sikh martial traditions. (Option (a) is incorrect)
• The ‘Wagh Nakh’ (Tiger Claws) is famously associated with the Maratha ruler, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. He used this weapon to kill Afzal Khan, a general of the Bijapur Sultanate, during a meeting in 1659. The Bhavani sword is another iconic weapon associated with Shivaji Maharaj. (Option (b) is correct)
• The Vijayanagar Empire, which flourished in South India from the 14th to the 17th centuries, is known for its rich architectural heritage and the battle of Talikota. The ‘Ashta Diggajas’ were the group of eight poets in the court of King Krishnadevaraya of the Vijayanagar Empire. (Option (c) is incorrect)
• The Pratihara Empire was prominent in North India from the 8th to the 11th centuries. The Pratihara rulers are known for their resistance against the Arab invasions. (Option (d) is incorrect)

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/maharashtra/shivajis-wagh-nakh-from-uk-to-be-displayed-in-satara-but-authenticity-questioned/article68414770.ece#:~:text=Amid%20controversy%20over%20its%20authenticity,Maharashtra's%20Satara%20on%20July%2019.

Solution (d)

Explanation:

• According to Keynes, government spending can help stimulate economic growth by increasing aggregate demand, especially during periods of economic downturn. Fiscal stimulus packages, such as infrastructure spending to boost economic activity during a recession. (Option (a) is incorrect)
• Supply-side economists believe that lowering taxes and reducing regulation can stimulate production, leading to economic growth. Tax cuts aimed at encouraging business investments and expansion, such as the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 in the United States. (Option (b) is incorrect)
• Classical economists argue that free markets can self-regulate through the invisible hand of supply and demand, with minimal need for government intervention. Adam Smith’s idea of the invisible hand, where individual self-interest in a free market leads to economic well-being and efficiency. (Option (c) is incorrect)
• Ricardian equivalence is a theory in neoclassical economics that suggests government borrowing does not affect the overall level of demand in the economy. Individuals anticipate future taxes to repay the debt and therefore save more, offsetting the effect of government borrowing. If the government increases debt, people might save more to pay for future tax increases, leaving overall consumption and demand unchanged. (Option (d) is correct)

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/intergenerational-equity-as-tax-devolution-criterion/article68415157.ece#:~:text=Intergenerational%20equity%20ensures%20that%20the,the%20future%20generation%20through%20borrowings.

Solution (a)

Explanation:

• The cochlea, stereocilia, and ossicular chain are all components of the auditory system. The cochlea is a spiral-shaped organ in the inner ear responsible for converting sound vibrations into neural signals. Stereocilia are hair-like structures on hair cells in the cochlea that move in response to sound vibrations, and the ossicular chain consists of three tiny bones (malleus, incus, and stapes) in the middle ear that transmit sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear. (Option (a) is correct)
• The circulatory system involves the heart, blood vessels, and blood, which transport nutrients, oxygen, and waste products throughout the body. The terms aorta, capillaries, and ventricles are associated with the circulatory system. The aorta is the main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body, capillaries are small blood vessels where gas exchange occurs, and ventricles are the lower chambers of the heart. (Option (b) is incorrect)
• The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food, absorbing nutrients, and eliminating waste. It involves organs such as the stomach, intestines, and liver. The terms villi, bile, and peristalsis are associated with the digestive system. Villi are small finger-like projections in the intestines that absorb nutrients, bile is a digestive fluid produced by the liver, and peristalsis refers to the wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract. (Option (c) is incorrect)
• The respiratory system involves the lungs and airways, responsible for gas exchange, taking in oxygen, and expelling carbon dioxide. The terms alveoli, bronchi, and diaphragm are associated with the respiratory system. Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs, bronchi are the main passageways into the lungs, and the diaphragm is the muscle that aids in breathing. (Option (d) is incorrect)

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/scientists-find-how-the-same-ear-senses-murmurs-and-listens-to-screaming-music/article68399665.ece

Solution (a)

Explanation:

• The southwest monsoon winds, which are moisture-laden and blow from the Arabian Sea, are responsible for the bulk of the rainfall in India during the monsoon season. These westerly winds bring significant rainfall to the western coast of India and also penetrate inland, causing widespread rainfall across the country. The Western Ghats receive heavy rainfall due to the orographic effect when these winds hit the mountain ranges. (Statement 1 is correct)
• The monsoon trough, which is a semi-permanent, low-pressure area extending between Pakistan and the Bay of Bengal during the monsoon season, usually oscillates between north and south within the season. When it moves towards the south, more rainfall can take place in central, eastern, and peninsular India. When it shifts towards the north, the Himalayan foothills are likely to receive more rainfall, but the rest of India sees a drop in rainfall. (Statement 2 is incorrect)
• The formation of a low-pressure system over the Bay of Bengal typically causes heavy rains in the eastern and northeastern parts of India, not on the western coast. The western coast receives heavy rains primarily from the moisture-laden winds coming from the Arabian Sea, not from systems forming over the Bay of Bengal. Low-pressure systems over the Bay of Bengal often lead to heavy rainfall in states like Odisha, West Bengal, and Assam. (Statement 3 is incorrect)

Source: https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-climate/widespread-rainfall-india-9458926/

Solution (a)

Explanation:

• The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023, mandates that tech companies establish a framework to verify the age of children using their services and obtain parental consent before processing their personal data. This provision aims to protect minors’ data and ensure parental oversight. (Statement 1 is correct)
• Although the Act requires age verification, it does not specify the methods for performing age-gating. The IT Ministry is currently seeking input from the industry on how to effectively implement this requirement, as no specific technological measures have been prescribed in the Act itself. (Statement 2 is incorrect)
• The Act does provide certain exemptions from obtaining verifiable parental consent and age-gating requirements. These exemptions include entities such as healthcare and educational institutions, which may process children’s data under specific circumstances without needing to gather parental consent. (Statement 3 is incorrect)

Source: https://indianexpress.com/article/business/parental-consent-uncertain-over-tech-meity-reaches-out-to-industry-9459892/#:~:text=The%20Digital%20Personal%20Data%20Protection,can%20use%20an%20online%20service.